This staff working document presents the main findings of the ex post evaluation of the European Social Fund (ESF) and the Youth Employment Initiative (YEI) for the 2014–2020 programming period.

The evaluation assesses the effectiveness, efficiency and EU added value of ESF and YEI support in improving employment, skills and social inclusion outcomes. It examines the results achieved for participants, including entry into employment, acquisition of qualifications and sustained labour market integration. It also analyses wider economic effects, such as contributions to GDP and job creation, and compares outcomes for participants with those of similar non-participants.

In addition, the evaluation reviews the efficiency of interventions, including administrative costs and simplification measures, and assesses how well the programmes reached key target groups, such as unemployed and inactive people, young people not in employment, education or training, and other vulnerable groups.

The findings confirm that EU investment through the ESF and YEI delivered measurable and lasting results and provide evidence to inform future funding in support of the European Pillar of Social Rights.